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Item Message from the Chief Guest at the 52nd Annual Sessions(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2023-06) Rajapakshe WijeyadasaIt is with great pleasure that I issue this message on the occasion of the 52nd Annual Sessions, 2023 & 82nd Anniversary Celebrations of the Institute of Chemistry Ceylon which is one of the oldest professional bodies in Sri Lanka. Being the successor to the Chemical Society of Ceylon founded in 1941 the Institute has been established in 1971 and incorporated by Act No. 15 of 1972 as the Institute of Chemistry Ceylon.Item Innovative Programmes for Economic Development Launched: Key Activities of the Institute of Chemistry Ceylon during Presidential Year 2022/2023(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2023-06) Hettigedara N M ST he importance of 2022 to the scientific world was considerable due to several significant international events, and it was also a year for commemoration of several important scientific findings in history. The United Nations declared the year 2022 as the International Year of Basic Sciences in Sustainable Development (IYBSDD 2022).Item Corrosion and Its Consequences(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2023-06) Priyantha NamalCorrosion is the gradual deterioration of material, usually a metal, by chemical or electrochemical oxidation with their environment. It is a natural, thermodynamically favorable process. Rusting, the formation of iron oxides, is a well-known example of electrochemical corrosion, which leads to the formation of iron oxides or saltsItem Phytochemical Aspects of Onions - Allium cepa L(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2023-06) Perera K. Sarath D, Theeshya Dulmini A.DOnion (Allium cepa) is known as “Queen of the Kitchen” as it is an irreplaceable ingredient in most of the Asian cuisines [1]. Global production of onions is more than 90 million tons per year; China and India contribute around 50% to the global production.Item Endolichenic Fungi in Sri Lanka; A Treasure Trove for New Bioactive Molecules(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-09) Paranagama,Priyani.AThe demand for new and safe bioactive compounds from natural resources is increasing due to emergence of new diseases, development of drug resistance to pathogenic bacteria and development of toxic viruses, etc. This situation has forced researches to explore new natural sources with potent novel bioactive compounds as they continue to deliver a great variety of structural templates for drug discovery and encounter the challenges of the twenty first century.Item Natural product driven drug discovery(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-05) Ratnaweera,Pamoda. BT he success stories reveal that the world’s biodiversity offer human society with various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and research biochemicals. Various methods such as isolation of compounds from plants, microorganisms and other sources; synthetic chemistry, combinatorial chemistry and molecular modeling are being used for obtaining compounds for drug discovery.Item Food analysis: why and current hows(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-05) Ekanayake,SagarikaFood analysis is a discipline that deals with the development, application and study of analytical procedures for characterizing the properties of foods and their constituents. These procedures provide information regarding characteristics of foods which include nutrient composition, structure, physicochemical properties, sensory attributes as well as toxicants, allergens, contaminants, bioactive molecules & health benefits.Item Synthesis and Applications of Cellulose Sulfates(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-01) Munasinghe,RajikaCellulose is the most naturally abundant renewable polymer with the formula (C6 H10 O5 )n , n ranging from 10,000 to 15,000. The monomer of cellulose biopolymer is anhydroglucose unit (AGU) and it has three hydroxyl groups (Figure 1(a)).Item Riboswitches as Therapeutics Targets(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-01) Dhanushika,TRegulation of gene expression includes a wide range of mechanisms that are used by cells to control the production of specific gene products. It has long been recognized that organisms make extensive use of protein based control systems to regulate gene expression. In eukaryotes, the networks of protein signaling and gene control factors are very complex, where numerous factors typically work together to influence transcription, translation, mRNA processing/degradation and other mechanisms that control the levels of gene products in a cellItem Photochemical Water Reduction by Organic Hydrides(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-01) Walpita,JanithaIncreasing concerns on anthropogenic climate change, skyrocketing global energy needs, and depletion of fossil fuels have made the discovery of alternative carbon-neutral and sustainable energy sources, one of the most urgent challenges in the scientific community. Among many renewable energy sources, solar energy stands out as the most promising candidate since it is the highest exploitable resource, delivering more energy in one hour to the earth surface than the amount of energy that we consume worldwide in an entire year.Item Role of Chemistry in Personalized Medicine(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-01) Elvitigala,AnushkaWellbeing of a person is a crucial factor in life which facilitates the performance of his or her day to day routine work in well-organized manner. However, it is a known fact that we all get sick and we need to take suitable medicines accordingly, as prescribed by clinicians. Even though millions of people are taking medications daily, they are found to be effective only on a part of the population who use them. Some drugs, such as ‘statins’ which are frequently used to lower cholesterol are known to be effective only on 1 in 50 patients.Item Silica from Rice Husk(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-01) Etampawala,ThusithaSilica is one of the multipurpose chemical compounds that exist in gel, crystalline and amorphous forms. T he major industries where silica uses are rubber industry especially the tyre manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, paints, printing tonners and so on.Item Production of precursors for specialty polyamides from bio-sourced lipids(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-01) Yapa,Y. M. A. L. WSynthesis of commodity chemicals and fuels from renewable sources is gaining an increasing attraction due to concerns over depletion of fossil resources as well as the effects on the climate change.Item What is KETO?(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2018-01) Sotheeswaran,SThe word keto is derived from the word ketosis. Ketosis is a normal metabolic process. When the body does not have enough glucose for energy, it burns stored fats instead which results in a build-up of acids called ketones within the body. Some people encourage ketosis by following a diet called the ketogenic or low-carb diet or keto diet.Item Drug Delivery Systems(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2019-09) Witharana,ChamindriNanotechnology is a recent advancement in science, defined as “Science, engineering, and technology conducted at the Nano scale” (National nanotechnology initiatives in USA). Applications of nanotechnology cover a vast range from basic material science, personal care applications, agriculture and medicine. Nanotechnology is used in the field of medicine for treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, genetic engineering and drug delivery.Item Nanopore(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2019-09) Karawdeniya,Buddini.I; Bandara,NuwanSingle-molecule/particle level analysis has surpassed the era of ensemble average studies and now faces grander challenges unique to each molecular class, for example, genomic sequencing with minimal financial foot-print been the most notable.Item Novel and interesting antibiotic scaffolds from endophytic fungi of Sri Lankan origin(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2019-09) Ratnaweera,Pamoda.BAntibiotic resistance within a wide range of infectious agents is increasing steadily, causing a growing public health crisis in the world today. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported infectious and parasitic diseases as a leading cause of death in the world, causing 15.6 % of all deaths in women and 16.7 % in men.Item Atomic Force Microscopy: Is It Just an Imaging Technique?(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2019-01) Rupasinghe, Thilini PAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM), without any doubt can be named as one of the most sensitive imaging techniques which allows researchers to explore a broad spectrum of materials such as semiconductors, nanocrystals, biological materials, pharmaceuticals, polymers etc. AFM was first invented in 1986 by Gerd Binnig, Calvin Quate and Christoph Gerber to overcome the limitations of its ancestor, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM).Item Paper Based Sensors(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2019-01) Perera,Hasini.RSince its inception in the early 21st century, paper based sensors have evolved as good alternative for analytical, bioanalytical and point-of-care testing over traditional analytical instruments because they are easy to use, portable, require small volumes of reagents and samples, provide rapid analysis and are inexpensive and disposable.Item Biomimetic Smart Polymer Materials(Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, 2019-01) Mudiyanselage,Thilini KuruwitaFive decades ago, polymers were just plastic and rubber that were limited mostly to day to day household applications such as car tyres, slippers, cups, plates, etc. We simply would not able to persist today even a day without using any polymeric material. Whether we accept it or not, the reality is that we live in an era of polymers.